Cornell University's Joseph Fetcho will work to develop a noninvasive recording of neural activity.

Credit: Cornell University

From the research of Kristen M. Harris, of the University of Texas at Austin: Electron micrograph and 3-D reconstructions from a volume equal to a single red blood cell in the hippocampus, a brain region crucial for learning and memory.

Credit: Kristen M. Harris, University of Texas at Austin

Cornell University neuroscientist Chris Xu will study how brains produce behavior in species across a range of sizes.

Credit: Cornell University

This illustration, from the lab of Spencer Smith of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, shows how light propagates through an imaging objective designed for multiphoton imaging over multiple cortical areas with subcellular resolution. Light enters at the left, is focused through several lenses, and is brought to a focus just past a coverslip on the right.

Credit: Spencer L. Smith lab, slab.org

Karl Deisseroth, professor of bioengineering, psychiatry and behavioral sciences, in his lab at Stanford University.

Credit: Steve Fisch/Stanford Schoool of Medicine

An abstract 3-D model of connected neurons, sculpted by neuroscientist Xaq Pitkow, of the Baylor College of Medicine. Pitkow is co-principal investigator for the NeuroNex award "Inferring interactions between neurons, stimuli and behavior," for which Kresimir Josic of the University of Houston is principal investigator. Identifying the connections between neurons and their functional role is the core goal of the Houston-based NeuroNex center.

Credit: Xaq Pitkow